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Though Afghanistan, a democracy, remains one of the world's poorest countries it has undergone substantial political, economic, and social transformation since political upheaval in 2001. The Afghanistan economy is growing at a fast pace. The construction sector has been a principal factor in this rapid growth because of its close link to infrastructure and housing development.

Inflation is high, averaging 11.0 percent between 2005 and 2007. Price controls exist in major cities, and controls on prices of eggs, milk, cheese, bread, meat, fruits, and vegetables vary